diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/columnar.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/columnar.rs
index ccbd3d53..273cc773 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/columnar.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/columnar.rs
@@ -27,14 +27,19 @@ impl ColumnarBitMatrix {
         Ok(Self { cols, n: meta.n })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn n(&self)      -> usize { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn n_cols(&self) -> usize { self.cols.len() }
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn col(&self, c: usize) -> &PersistentBitVec { &self.cols[c] }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[bool]> {
         self.cols.iter().map(|c| c.get(slot)).collect()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn fill_row(&self, slot: usize, buf: &mut [u32]) {
         for (c, col) in self.cols.iter().enumerate() {
             buf[c] = col.get(slot) as u32;
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/packed.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/packed.rs
index f0a89b8c..840abdb5 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/packed.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/packed.rs
@@ -58,17 +58,20 @@ impl PackedBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[bool]> {
         (0..self.n_cols).map(|c| {
             (self.mmap[self.data_offsets[c] + (slot >> 3)] >> (slot & 7)) & 1 != 0
         }).collect()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn col_bytes(&self, c: usize) -> &[u8] {
         let start = self.data_offsets[c];
         &self.mmap[start..start + self.n_rows.div_ceil(8)]
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn col_words(&self, c: usize) -> &[u64] {
         let nw = self.n_rows.div_ceil(64);
         // SAFETY: data_offsets[c] is always 8-byte aligned.
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@ impl PackedBitMatrix {
         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, nw) }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn col_slice(&self, c: usize) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         BitSliceView::new(self.col_words(c), self.n_rows)
     }
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/persistent.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/persistent.rs
index 3149241c..7b5dad47 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/persistent.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitmatrix/persistent.rs
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         Ok(Self::Implicit { n_rows: meta.n, n_cols: 1 })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m)            => m.n(),
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n_cols(&self) -> usize {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m)            => m.n_cols(),
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn col(&self, c: usize) -> &PersistentBitVec {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m) => m.col(c),
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn col_view(&self, c: usize) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m) => m.col(c).view(),
@@ -91,6 +95,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
     /// Unlike [`col_view`](Self::col_view), this never panics on `Implicit`
     /// (every column reads as present, per the mono-genome fast path) — safe
     /// to call for any `c < self.n_cols()`.
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, c: usize, slot: usize) -> u32 {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m) => m.col(c).get(slot) as u32,
@@ -109,6 +114,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[bool]> {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m)             => m.row(slot),
@@ -118,6 +124,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
     }
 
     /// Fill `buf[i]` with `col_i[slot]` as 0/1 u32, without allocating.
+    #[inline]
     pub fn fill_row(&self, slot: usize, buf: &mut [u32]) {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m)             => m.fill_row(slot, buf),
@@ -177,6 +184,7 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_ones(&self) -> Array1<u64> {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m)              => m.count_ones(),
@@ -219,13 +227,16 @@ impl PersistentBitMatrix {
 // ── Trait impls ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl ColumnWeights for PersistentBitMatrix {
+    #[inline]
     fn col_weights(&self) -> Array1<u64> { self.count_ones() }
 }
 
 impl BitPartials for PersistentBitMatrix {
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_jaccard(&self) -> (Array2<u64>, Array2<u64>) {
         self.partial_jaccard_dist_matrix()
     }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_hamming(&self) -> Array2<u64> {
         self.partial_hamming_dist_matrix()
     }
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitvec.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitvec.rs
index a1bd7798..58297ee9 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/bitvec.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/bitvec.rs
@@ -51,16 +51,20 @@ impl PersistentBitVec {
         })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn path(&self) -> &Path {
         &self.path
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
         self.n
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.n == 0
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> bool {
         (self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE + (slot >> 3)] >> (slot & 7)) & 1 != 0
     }
@@ -104,37 +108,46 @@ impl PersistentBitVec {
     }
 
     // SAFETY: mmap is page-aligned, HEADER_SIZE=16 divisible by 8 → u64-aligned.
+    #[inline]
     fn data_words(&self) -> &[u64] {
         let nw = n_words(self.n);
         let ptr = self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..].as_ptr() as *const u64;
         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, nw) }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         BitSliceView::new(self.data_words(), self.n)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn words(&self) -> &[u64] {
         self.data_words()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_ones(&self) -> u64 {
         self.view().count_ones()
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_zeros(&self) -> u64 {
         self.view().count_zeros()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_jaccard_dist(&self, other: &PersistentBitVec) -> (u64, u64) {
         self.view().partial_jaccard_dist(other.view())
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn jaccard_dist(&self, other: &PersistentBitVec) -> f64 {
         self.view().jaccard_dist(other.view())
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn hamming_dist(&self, other: &PersistentBitVec) -> u64 {
         self.view().hamming_dist(other.view())
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> BitIter<'_> {
         BitIter {
             words: self.data_words(),
@@ -147,6 +160,7 @@ impl PersistentBitVec {
 impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a PersistentBitVec {
     type Item = bool;
     type IntoIter = BitIter<'a>;
+    #[inline]
     fn into_iter(self) -> BitIter<'a> {
         self.iter()
     }
@@ -164,6 +178,7 @@ impl ExactSizeIterator for BitIter<'_> {}
 
 impl Iterator for BitIter<'_> {
     type Item = bool;
+    #[inline]
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
         if self.slot >= self.n {
             return None;
@@ -172,6 +187,7 @@ impl Iterator for BitIter<'_> {
         self.slot += 1;
         Some(v)
     }
+    #[inline]
     fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
         let rem = self.n - self.slot;
         (rem, Some(rem))
@@ -314,17 +330,21 @@ impl PersistentBitVecBuilder {
         Self::build_from_counts(source, 1, path)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
         self.n
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.n == 0
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> bool {
         (self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE + (slot >> 3)] >> (slot & 7)) & 1 != 0
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn set(&mut self, slot: usize, value: bool) {
         let bit = 1u64 << (slot & 63);
         if value {
@@ -334,6 +354,7 @@ impl PersistentBitVecBuilder {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn data_words(&self) -> &[u64] {
         let nw = n_words(self.n);
         let ptr = self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..].as_ptr() as *const u64;
@@ -341,16 +362,19 @@ impl PersistentBitVecBuilder {
     }
 
     // SAFETY: same alignment argument as PersistentBitVec::data_words.
+    #[inline]
     fn data_words_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u64] {
         let nw = n_words(self.n);
         let ptr = self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..].as_mut_ptr() as *mut u64;
         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(ptr, nw) }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         BitSliceView::new(self.data_words(), self.n)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn words(&self) -> &[u64] {
         self.data_words()
     }
@@ -472,6 +496,7 @@ impl PersistentBitVecBuilder {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> BitSliceIter<'_> {
         self.view().iter()
     }
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/builder.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/builder.rs
index 266b3c14..72bdc95b 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/builder.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/builder.rs
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVecBuilder {
         Ok(Self { path: path.to_path_buf(), mmap, n, overflow })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> u32 {
         match self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE + slot] {
             255 => *self.overflow.get(&slot).expect("sentinel without overflow entry"),
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVecBuilder {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn set(&mut self, slot: usize, value: u32) {
         if value < 255 {
             self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE + slot] = value as u8;
@@ -69,20 +71,28 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVecBuilder {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self)      -> usize { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool  { self.n == 0 }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_bytes(&self)     -> &[u8]      { &self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..HEADER_SIZE + self.n] }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_bytes_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] { &mut self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..HEADER_SIZE + self.n] }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn clear_overflow(&mut self) { self.overflow.clear(); }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn sum(&self) -> u64 {
         byte_sum(&self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..HEADER_SIZE + self.n], self.overflow.values().copied())
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_nonzero(&self) -> u64 {
         byte_count_nonzero(&self.mmap[HEADER_SIZE..HEADER_SIZE + self.n])
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> IntSliceView<'_> {
         // Builder overflow is a HashMap, not sorted raw bytes — convert on the fly
         // by collecting into a sorted vec and storing in a thread-local buffer.
@@ -94,10 +104,12 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVecBuilder {
         IntSliceView::new(primary, &[], 0, self.n)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn overflow_entries(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (usize, u32)> + '_ {
         self.overflow.iter().map(|(&k, &v)| (k, v))
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn inc(&mut self, slot: usize) {
         let v = self.get(slot);
         self.set(slot, v.saturating_add(1));
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/intmatrix.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/intmatrix.rs
index 61f102ef..4680bdb5 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/intmatrix.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/intmatrix.rs
@@ -36,14 +36,19 @@ impl ColumnarCompactIntMatrix {
         Ok(Self { cols, n: meta.n })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn n(&self)      -> usize { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn n_cols(&self) -> usize { self.cols.len() }
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn col(&self, c: usize) -> &PersistentCompactIntVec { &self.cols[c] }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[u32]> {
         self.cols.iter().map(|c| c.get(slot)).collect()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn fill_row(&self, slot: usize, buf: &mut [u32]) {
         for (c, col) in self.cols.iter().enumerate() { buf[c] = col.get(slot); }
     }
@@ -142,6 +147,7 @@ impl PackedCompactIntMatrix {
         Ok(Self { mmap, n_rows, n_cols, columns })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn col_view(&self, c: usize) -> IntSliceView<'_> {
         let ci = &self.columns[c];
         let primary     = &self.mmap[ci.primary_start..ci.primary_start + self.n_rows];
@@ -158,10 +164,12 @@ impl PackedCompactIntMatrix {
     #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn get(&self, col: usize, slot: usize) -> u32 { self.col_view(col).get(slot) }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn fill_row(&self, slot: usize, buf: &mut [u32]) {
         for c in 0..self.n_cols { buf[c] = self.get(c, slot); }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub(crate) fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[u32]> {
         (0..self.n_cols).map(|c| self.get(c, slot)).collect()
     }
@@ -312,13 +320,16 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
         ))
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n(&self) -> usize {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.n(), Self::Packed(m) => m.n_rows }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n_cols(&self) -> usize {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.n_cols(), Self::Packed(m) => m.n_cols }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn col(&self, c: usize) -> &PersistentCompactIntVec {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m) => m.col(c),
@@ -326,6 +337,7 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn col_view(&self, c: usize) -> IntSliceView<'_> {
         match self {
             Self::Columnar(m) => m.col(c).view(),
@@ -340,9 +352,11 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn row(&self, slot: usize) -> Box<[u32]> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.row(slot), Self::Packed(m) => m.row(slot) }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn fill_row(&self, slot: usize, buf: &mut [u32]) {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.fill_row(slot, buf), Self::Packed(m) => m.fill_row(slot, buf) }
     }
@@ -390,30 +404,39 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn sum(&self) -> Array1<u64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.sum(), Self::Packed(m) => m.sum() }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_nonzero(&self) -> Array1<u64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.count_nonzero(), Self::Packed(m) => m.count_nonzero() }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_bray_dist_matrix(&self) -> Array2<u64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_bray_dist_matrix(), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_bray_dist_matrix() }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_euclidean_dist_matrix(&self) -> Array2<f64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_euclidean_dist_matrix(), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_euclidean_dist_matrix() }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_threshold_jaccard_dist_matrix(&self, threshold: u32) -> (Array2<u64>, Array2<u64>) {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_threshold_jaccard_dist_matrix(threshold), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_threshold_jaccard_dist_matrix(threshold) }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_relfreq_bray_dist_matrix(&self, col_sums: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_relfreq_bray_dist_matrix(col_sums), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_relfreq_bray_dist_matrix(col_sums) }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_relfreq_euclidean_dist_matrix(&self, col_sums: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_relfreq_euclidean_dist_matrix(col_sums), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_relfreq_euclidean_dist_matrix(col_sums) }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn partial_hellinger_euclidean_dist_matrix(&self, col_sums: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64> {
         match self { Self::Columnar(m) => m.partial_hellinger_euclidean_dist_matrix(col_sums), Self::Packed(m) => m.partial_hellinger_euclidean_dist_matrix(col_sums) }
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn append_column(dir: &Path, value_of: impl Fn(usize) -> u32) -> io::Result<()> {
         ColumnarCompactIntMatrix::append_column(dir, value_of)
     }
@@ -424,16 +447,24 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
 use crate::traits::{ColumnWeights, CountPartials};
 
 impl ColumnWeights for PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
+    #[inline]
     fn col_weights(&self) -> Array1<u64> { self.sum() }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_kmer_counts(&self) -> Array1<u64> { self.count_nonzero() }
 }
 
 impl CountPartials for PersistentCompactIntMatrix {
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_bray(&self) -> Array2<u64>                                 { self.partial_bray_dist_matrix() }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_euclidean(&self) -> Array2<f64>                            { self.partial_euclidean_dist_matrix() }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_threshold_jaccard(&self, t: u32) -> (Array2<u64>, Array2<u64>) { self.partial_threshold_jaccard_dist_matrix(t) }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_relfreq_bray(&self, g: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64>        { self.partial_relfreq_bray_dist_matrix(g) }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_relfreq_euclidean(&self, g: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64>   { self.partial_relfreq_euclidean_dist_matrix(g) }
+    #[inline]
     fn partial_hellinger(&self, g: &Array1<u64>) -> Array2<f64>           { self.partial_hellinger_euclidean_dist_matrix(g) }
 }
 
@@ -450,7 +481,9 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntMatrixBuilder {
         fs::create_dir_all(dir)?;
         Ok(Self { dir: dir.to_path_buf(), n, n_cols: 0 })
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n(&self)      -> usize { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n_cols(&self) -> usize { self.n_cols }
     pub fn add_col(&mut self) -> io::Result<PersistentCompactIntVecBuilder> {
         let path = col_path(&self.dir, self.n_cols);
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/reader.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/reader.rs
index e4d58ab2..0cc00c45 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/reader.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/reader.rs
@@ -46,10 +46,14 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVec {
         Ok(Self { mmap, n, n_overflow, step, index, primary_offset, data_offset, path: path.to_path_buf() })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn path(&self) -> &Path { &self.path }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self)      -> usize { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool  { self.n == 0 }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> u32 {
         match self.mmap[self.primary_offset + slot] {
             255 => self.overflow_get(slot),
@@ -127,23 +131,27 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVec {
         u32::from_le_bytes(self.mmap[off..off + 4].try_into().unwrap())
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn sum(&self) -> u64 {
         let primary = &self.mmap[self.primary_offset..self.primary_offset + self.n];
         byte_sum(primary, (0..self.n_overflow).map(|i| self.data_value(i)))
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_nonzero(&self) -> u64 {
         let primary = &self.mmap[self.primary_offset..self.primary_offset + self.n];
         byte_count_nonzero(primary)
     }
 
     /// Lightweight zero-copy view — primary and overflow point into the mmap.
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> IntSliceView<'_> {
         let primary = &self.mmap[self.primary_offset..self.primary_offset + self.n];
         let overflow_raw = &self.mmap[self.data_offset..self.data_offset + self.n_overflow * OVERFLOW_ENTRY_SIZE];
         IntSliceView::new(primary, overflow_raw, self.n_overflow, self.n)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_> {
         Iter { pciv: self, slot: 0, overflow_pos: 0 }
     }
@@ -256,6 +264,7 @@ impl PersistentCompactIntVec {
 impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a PersistentCompactIntVec {
     type Item = u32;
     type IntoIter = Iter<'a>;
+    #[inline]
     fn into_iter(self) -> Iter<'a> { self.iter() }
 }
 
@@ -270,6 +279,7 @@ impl ExactSizeIterator for Iter<'_> {}
 impl Iterator for Iter<'_> {
     type Item = u32;
 
+    #[inline]
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<u32> {
         if self.slot >= self.pciv.n { return None; }
         let v = self.pciv.mmap[self.pciv.primary_offset + self.slot];
@@ -283,6 +293,7 @@ impl Iterator for Iter<'_> {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
         let remaining = self.pciv.n - self.slot;
         (remaining, Some(remaining))
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/tempbitvec.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/tempbitvec.rs
index df1d436c..06935a74 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/tempbitvec.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/tempbitvec.rs
@@ -21,21 +21,27 @@ impl TempBitVec {
         PersistentBitVec::open(path)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
         self.vec.len()
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.vec.is_empty()
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> bool {
         self.vec.get(slot)
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn count_ones(&self) -> u64 {
         self.vec.count_ones()
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         self.vec.view()
     }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> BitSliceIter<'_> {
         self.view().iter()
     }
@@ -69,42 +75,52 @@ impl TempBitVecBuilder {
         Ok(TempBitVec { vec, _temp: temp })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn set(&mut self, slot: usize, value: bool) {
         self.builder.set(slot, value);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self) -> BitSliceView<'_> {
         self.builder.view()
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn or(&mut self, other: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.or(other);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn and(&mut self, other: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.and(other);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn xor(&mut self, other: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.xor(other);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn not(&mut self) {
         self.builder.not();
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn copy_from(&mut self, src: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.copy_from(src);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn or_where(&mut self, col: IntSliceView<'_>, pred: impl Fn(u32) -> bool) {
         self.builder.or_where(col, pred);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn and_where(&mut self, col: IntSliceView<'_>, pred: impl Fn(u32) -> bool) {
         self.builder.and_where(col, pred);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn xor_where(&mut self, col: IntSliceView<'_>, pred: impl Fn(u32) -> bool) {
         self.builder.xor_where(col, pred);
     }
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/tempintvec.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/tempintvec.rs
index b0b34920..6f0ee3b6 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/tempintvec.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/tempintvec.rs
@@ -22,11 +22,17 @@ impl TempCompactIntVec {
         PersistentCompactIntVec::open(path)
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self)      -> usize { self.vec.len() }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool  { self.vec.is_empty() }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> u32  { self.vec.get(slot) }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn sum(&self)      -> u64   { self.vec.sum() }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn view(&self)     -> IntSliceView<'_> { self.vec.view() }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> crate::reader::Iter<'_> { self.vec.iter() }
 }
 
@@ -51,39 +57,53 @@ impl TempCompactIntVecBuilder {
         Ok(TempCompactIntVec { vec, _temp: temp })
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n(&self) -> usize { self.builder.len() }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn set(&mut self, slot: usize, value: u32) { self.builder.set(slot, value); }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn get(&self, slot: usize) -> u32           { self.builder.get(slot) }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_bytes(&self)         -> &[u8]      { self.builder.primary_bytes() }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_bytes_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8]  { self.builder.primary_bytes_mut() }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn inc_present(&mut self, col: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.inc_present(col);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn inc_present_fast(&mut self, col: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.inc_present_fast(col);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn inc_predicate(&mut self, col: IntSliceView<'_>, pred: impl Fn(u32) -> bool) {
         self.builder.inc_predicate(col, pred);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn inc_predicate_fast(&mut self, col: IntSliceView<'_>, pred: impl Fn(u32) -> bool) {
         self.builder.inc_predicate_fast(col, pred);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn add(&mut self, other: IntSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.add(other);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn mask_with(&mut self, mask: BitSliceView<'_>) {
         self.builder.mask_with(mask);
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn min(&mut self, other: IntSliceView<'_>)  { self.builder.min(other); }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn max(&mut self, other: IntSliceView<'_>)  { self.builder.max(other); }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn diff(&mut self, other: IntSliceView<'_>) { self.builder.diff(other); }
 }
diff --git a/src/obicompactvec/src/views.rs b/src/obicompactvec/src/views.rs
index ff565482..a8571039 100644
--- a/src/obicompactvec/src/views.rs
+++ b/src/obicompactvec/src/views.rs
@@ -14,8 +14,11 @@ impl<'a> BitSliceView<'a> {
     #[inline]
     pub fn new(words: &'a [u64], n: usize) -> Self { Self { words, n } }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self)      -> usize  { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool   { self.n == 0 }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn words(&self)    -> &'a [u64] { self.words }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@ impl<'a> BitSliceView<'a> {
     }
     pub fn count_zeros(&self) -> u64 { self.n as u64 - self.count_ones() }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> BitSliceIter<'a> {
         BitSliceIter { words: self.words, slot: 0, n: self.n }
     }
@@ -95,12 +99,14 @@ pub struct BitSliceIter<'a> {
 
 impl Iterator for BitSliceIter<'_> {
     type Item = bool;
+    #[inline]
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<bool> {
         if self.slot >= self.n { return None; }
         let v = (self.words[self.slot >> 6] >> (self.slot & 63)) & 1 != 0;
         self.slot += 1;
         Some(v)
     }
+    #[inline]
     fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
         let rem = self.n - self.slot;
         (rem, Some(rem))
@@ -126,11 +132,16 @@ impl<'a> IntSliceView<'a> {
         Self { primary, overflow_raw, n_overflow, n }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn len(&self)        -> usize    { self.n }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn is_empty(&self)   -> bool     { self.n == 0 }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn primary_bytes(&self) -> &'a [u8] { self.primary }
+    #[inline]
     pub fn n_overflow(&self) -> usize    { self.n_overflow }
 
+    #[inline]
     pub fn overflow_entries(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (usize, u32)> + 'a {
         let raw  = self.overflow_raw;
         let n_ov = self.n_overflow;
@@ -190,6 +201,7 @@ impl<'a> IntSliceView<'a> {
     }
 
     /// Sequential merge scan: yields all n values in slot order.
+    #[inline]
     pub fn iter(&self) -> IntSliceViewIter<'a> {
         IntSliceViewIter {
             primary:      self.primary,
@@ -324,6 +336,7 @@ pub struct IntSliceViewIter<'a> {
 
 impl Iterator for IntSliceViewIter<'_> {
     type Item = u32;
+    #[inline]
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<u32> {
         if self.slot >= self.n { return None; }
         let v = self.primary[self.slot];
@@ -336,6 +349,7 @@ impl Iterator for IntSliceViewIter<'_> {
             Some(val)
         }
     }
+    #[inline]
     fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
         let rem = self.n - self.slot;
         (rem, Some(rem))