Major update : views

This commit is contained in:
Celine Mercier
2016-02-18 10:38:51 +01:00
parent cfaf069095
commit a8f03248a8
46 changed files with 3207 additions and 1070 deletions

View File

@ -6,16 +6,12 @@ from obitools3.utils cimport bytes2str, str2bytes
from .capi.obidms cimport obi_dms, \
obi_close_dms
from .capi.obidmscolumn cimport obi_column_get_header_from_name, \
obi_unmap_header, \
obi_column_get_latest_version_from_name, \
obi_create_column, \
obi_clone_column, \
obi_open_column, \
obi_close_column, \
from .capi.obidmscolumn cimport obi_truncate_and_close_column, \
obi_column_format_date, \
obi_grep_line, \
OBIDMS_column_p, \
OBIDMS_column_header_p
from .capi.obitypes cimport const_char_p, \
OBIType_t, \
OBI_INT, \
@ -24,42 +20,486 @@ from .capi.obitypes cimport const_char_p, \
OBI_CHAR, \
OBI_STR, \
OBI_SEQ, \
name_data_type
name_data_type, \
only_ATGC # discuss
from ._obidms cimport OBIDMS
from ._obidms cimport OBIDMS_column
from ._obidms cimport OBIView_line
from ._obidmscolumn_int cimport OBIDMS_column_int, \
OBIDMS_column_int_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_int_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_int_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_int
from ._obidmscolumn_float cimport OBIDMS_column_float, \
OBIDMS_column_float_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_float_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_float_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_float
from ._obidmscolumn_bool cimport OBIDMS_column_bool, \
OBIDMS_column_bool_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_bool_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_bool_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_bool
from ._obidmscolumn_char cimport OBIDMS_column_char, \
OBIDMS_column_char_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_char_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_char_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_char
from ._obidmscolumn_str cimport OBIDMS_column_str, \
OBIDMS_column_str_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_str_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_str_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_str
from ._obidmscolumn_seq cimport OBIDMS_column_seq, \
OBIDMS_column_seq_writable, \
OBIDMS_column_seq_multi_elts, \
OBIDMS_column_seq_multi_elts_writable
OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_seq
from ._obidms cimport OBIView, OBIView_line
from .capi.obiview cimport Obiview_p, \
obi_new_view, \
obi_new_view_cloned_from_name, \
obi_open_view, \
obi_view_delete_column, \
obi_view_add_column, \
obi_view_get_column, \
obi_view_get_pointer_on_column_in_view, \
obi_select_line, \
obi_select_lines, \
obi_save_and_close_view
from libc.stdlib cimport malloc
from cpython.pycapsule cimport PyCapsule_New, PyCapsule_GetPointer
cdef class OBIDMS_column :
# Should only be initialized through a subclass
def __init__(self, OBIView view, str column_name):
cdef OBIDMS_column_p column_p
cdef OBIDMS_column_p* column_pp
column_pp = <OBIDMS_column_p*> PyCapsule_GetPointer(((view.columns_pp)[column_name]), NULL) # or use C function
column_p = column_pp[0] # TODO ugly cython dereferencing but can't find better
# Fill structure
self.pointer = column_pp
self.dms = view.dms
self.view = view.pointer # TODO pointer or instance?
self.data_type = bytes2str(name_data_type((column_p.header).returned_data_type))
self.column_name = bytes2str((column_p.header).name)
self.nb_elements_per_line = (column_p.header).nb_elements_per_line
self.elements_names = (bytes2str((column_p.header).elements_names)).split(';')
def __setitem__(self, index_t line_nb, object value):
self.set_line(line_nb, value)
def __getitem__(self, index_t line_nb):
return self.get_line(line_nb)
def __len__(self):
return (self.pointer)[0].header.lines_used
def __sizeof__(self):
return ((self.pointer)[0].header.header_size + (self.pointer)[0].header.data_size)
def __iter__(self):
# Declarations
cdef index_t lines_used
cdef index_t line_nb
# Yield each line
lines_used = (self.pointer)[0].header.lines_used
for line_nb in range(lines_used):
yield self.get_line(line_nb)
cpdef update_pointer(self):
self.pointer = <OBIDMS_column_p*> obi_view_get_pointer_on_column_in_view(self.view, str2bytes(self.column_name))
cpdef list get_elements_names(self):
return self.elements_names
cpdef str get_data_type(self):
return self.data_type
cpdef index_t get_nb_lines_used(self):
return (self.pointer)[0].header.lines_used
cpdef str get_creation_date(self):
return bytes2str(obi_column_format_date((self.pointer)[0].header.creation_date))
cpdef str get_comments(self):
return bytes2str((self.pointer)[0].header.comments)
def __repr__(self) :
cdef str to_print
to_print = ''
for line in self :
to_print = to_print + str(line) + "\n"
return to_print
cpdef close(self):
if obi_truncate_and_close_column((self.pointer)[0]) < 0 :
raise Exception("Problem closing a column")
@staticmethod
cdef object get_subclass_type(OBIDMS_column_p column_p) :
cdef object subclass
cdef OBIDMS_column_header_p header
cdef OBIType_t col_type
cdef bint col_writable
cdef bint col_one_element_per_line
header = column_p.header
col_type = header.returned_data_type
col_writable = column_p.writable
col_one_element_per_line = ((header.nb_elements_per_line) == 1)
if col_type == OBI_INT :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_int
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_int
elif col_type == OBI_FLOAT :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_float
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_float
elif col_type == OBI_BOOL :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_bool
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_bool
elif col_type == OBI_CHAR :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_char
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_char
elif col_type == OBI_STR :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_str
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_str
elif col_type == OBI_SEQ :
if col_one_element_per_line :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_seq
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_multi_elts_seq
else :
raise Exception("Problem with the data type")
return subclass
######################################################################################################
cdef class OBIDMS_column_multi_elts(OBIDMS_column) :
def __getitem__(self, index_t line_nb):
return OBIDMS_column_line(self, line_nb)
cpdef set_line(self, index_t line_nb, dict values):
for element_name in values :
self.set_item(line_nb, element_name, values[element_name])
######################################################################################################
cdef class OBIDMS_column_line :
def __init__(self, OBIDMS_column column, index_t line_nb) :
self.index = line_nb
self.column = column
def __getitem__(self, str element_name) :
return self.column.get_item(self.index, element_name)
def __setitem__(self, str element_name, object value):
self.column.set_item(self.index, element_name, value)
def __contains__(self, str element_name):
return (element_name in self.column.elements_names)
def __repr__(self) :
return str(self.column.get_line(self.index))
##########################################
cdef class OBIView :
def __init__(self, OBIDMS dms, str view_name, bint new=False, object view_to_clone=None, list line_selection=None):
cdef Obiview_p view = NULL
cdef int i
cdef list col_list
cdef str col_name
cdef OBIDMS_column column
cdef OBIDMS_column_p column_p
cdef OBIDMS_column_p* column_pp
cdef OBIDMS_column_header_p header
cdef index_t* line_selection_p
self.dms = dms
if line_selection is not None :
line_selection_p = <index_t*> malloc((len(line_selection) + 1) * sizeof(index_t))
for i in range(len(line_selection)) :
line_selection_p[i] = line_selection[i] # TODO type problem?
print(line_selection_p[i], line_selection[i])
line_selection_p[len(line_selection)] = -1
else :
line_selection_p = NULL
if new :
if view_to_clone is not None :
if type(view_to_clone) == str :
view = obi_new_view_cloned_from_name(dms.pointer, str2bytes(view_name), str2bytes(view_to_clone), line_selection_p)
else :
view = obi_new_view(dms.pointer, str2bytes(view_name), (<OBIView> view_to_clone).pointer, line_selection_p)
elif view_to_clone is None :
view = obi_new_view(dms.pointer, str2bytes(view_name), NULL, line_selection_p)
elif not new :
if view_name is not None :
view = obi_open_view(dms.pointer, str2bytes(view_name))
elif view_name is None :
view = obi_open_view(dms.pointer, NULL)
if view == NULL :
raise Exception("Error creating/opening view")
self.pointer = view
self.name = bytes2str(view.name)
# go through columns to build list and open python object (TODO make separate function?)
self.columns = {}
self.columns_pp = {}
i = 0
while i < view.column_count :
column_pp = <OBIDMS_column_p*> ((view.columns)+i)
column_p = <OBIDMS_column_p> (view.columns)[i]
header = (column_p).header
col_name = bytes2str(header.name)
col_capsule = PyCapsule_New(column_pp, NULL, NULL) # TODO discuss
(self.columns_pp)[col_name] = col_capsule
subclass = OBIDMS_column.get_subclass_type(column_p)
self.columns[col_name] = subclass(self, col_name)
i+=1
def __repr__(self) :
cdef str s
cdef OBIDMS_column column
cdef OBIDMS_column_p column_p
s = self.name
s = s + ", " + str(self.pointer.line_count) + " lines"
for column_name in self.columns : # TODO make function in OBIDMS_column class
column = self.columns[column_name]
column_p = (column.pointer)[0]
s = s + "\n" + column_name + ", version " + str(column_p.header.version) + ", data type: " + column.data_type
return s
cpdef delete_column(self, str column_name) :
cdef int i
cdef Obiview_p view
cdef OBIDMS_column column
cdef OBIDMS_column_p column_p
cdef OBIDMS_column_p* column_pp
cdef OBIDMS_column_header_p header
cdef str column_n
view = self.pointer
if obi_view_delete_column(view, str2bytes(column_name)) < 0 :
raise Exception("Problem deleting a column from a view")
# Update the dictionaries of column pointers and column objects, and update pointers in column objects (make function?):
(self.columns).pop(column_name)
(self.columns_pp).pop(column_name)
i = 0
while i < view.column_count :
column_pp = <OBIDMS_column_p*> ((view.columns)+i)
column_p = <OBIDMS_column_p> (view.columns)[i]
header = (column_p).header
col_name = bytes2str(header.name)
col_capsule = PyCapsule_New(column_pp, NULL, NULL)
(self.columns_pp)[col_name] = col_capsule
i+=1
for column_n in self.columns :
(self.columns[column_n]).update_pointer()
cpdef add_column(self,
str column_name,
obiversion_t version_number=-1,
str type='',
index_t nb_lines=0,
index_t nb_elements_per_line=1, # TODO 1?
list elements_names=None,
str avl_name="default_AVL_tree",
str comments="",
bint create=True # TODO
) :
cdef bytes column_name_b
cdef bytes elements_names_b
cdef object subclass
cdef OBIDMS_column_p* column_pp
cdef OBIDMS_column_p column_p
column_name_b = str2bytes(column_name)
if nb_elements_per_line > 1 :
elements_names_b = str2bytes(';'.join(elements_names))
elif nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
elements_names_b = column_name_b
if type :
if type == 'OBI_INT' :
data_type = OBI_INT
elif type == 'OBI_FLOAT' :
data_type = OBI_FLOAT
elif type == 'OBI_BOOL' :
data_type = OBI_BOOL
elif type == 'OBI_CHAR' :
data_type = OBI_CHAR
elif type == 'OBI_STR' :
data_type = OBI_STR
elif type == 'OBI_SEQ' :
data_type = OBI_SEQ
else :
raise Exception("Invalid provided data type")
if (obi_view_add_column(self.pointer, column_name_b, version_number, # should return pointer on column?
data_type, nb_lines, nb_elements_per_line,
elements_names_b, str2bytes(avl_name),
str2bytes(comments), create) < 0) :
raise Exception("Problem adding a column in a view")
# Store the column pointer
column_pp = obi_view_get_pointer_on_column_in_view(self.pointer, column_name_b)
if column_pp == NULL :
raise Exception("Problem getting a column in a view")
col_capsule = PyCapsule_New(column_pp, NULL, NULL) # TODO
(self.columns_pp)[column_name] = col_capsule
# Open and store the subclass
column_p = column_pp[0] # TODO ugly cython dereferencing
subclass = OBIDMS_column.get_subclass_type(column_p)
(self.columns)[column_name] = subclass(self, column_name)
cpdef save_and_close(self) :
if (obi_save_and_close_view(self.pointer) < 0) :
raise Exception("Problem closing a view")
def __iter__(self):
# iter on each line of all columns
# Declarations
cdef index_t lines_used
cdef index_t line_nb
cdef OBIView_line line
# Yield each line TODO line class
lines_used = (self.pointer).line_count
for line_nb in range(lines_used) :
line = self[line_nb]
yield line
def __getitem__(self, object item) :
if type(item) == str :
return (self.columns)[item]
elif type(item) == int : # TODO int?
return OBIView_line(self, item)
cpdef select_line(self, index_t line_nb) :
if obi_select_line(self.pointer, line_nb) < 0 :
raise Exception("Problem selecting a line")
cpdef select_lines(self, list line_selection) :
cdef index_t* line_selection_p
line_selection_p = <index_t*> malloc((len(line_selection) + 1) * sizeof(index_t))
for i in range(len(line_selection)) :
line_selection_p[i] = line_selection[i] # TODO type problem?
line_selection_p[len(line_selection)] = -1
if obi_select_lines(self.pointer, line_selection_p) < 0 :
raise Exception("Problem selecting a list of lines")
def __contains__(self, str column_name):
return (column_name in self.columns)
def __str__(self) :
cdef OBIView_line line
cdef str to_print
to_print = ""
for line in self.__iter__() :
to_print = to_print + str(line) + "\n"
return to_print
#############################################
cdef class OBIView_line :
def __init__(self, OBIView view, index_t line_nb) :
self.index = line_nb
self.view = view
def __getitem__(self, str column_name) :
return ((self.view).columns)[column_name][self.index]
def __setitem__(self, str column_name, object value):
# TODO detect multiple elements (dict type)? put somewhere else? but more risky (in get)
cdef type value_type
cdef str value_obitype
if column_name not in self.view :
if value == None :
raise Exception("Trying to create a column from a None value (can't guess type)")
value_type = type(value)
if value_type == int :
value_obitype = 'OBI_INT'
elif value_type == float :
value_obitype = 'OBI_FLOAT'
elif value_type == bool :
value_obitype = 'OBI_BOOL'
elif value_type == str :
if only_ATGC(str2bytes(value)) : # TODO
value_obitype = 'OBI_SEQ'
elif len(value) == 1 :
value_obitype = 'OBI_CHAR'
elif (len(value) > 1) :
value_obitype = 'OBI_STR'
else :
raise Exception("Could not guess the type of a value to create a new column")
self.view.add_column(column_name, type=value_obitype)
(((self.view).columns)[column_name]).set_line(self.index, value)
def __contains__(self, str column_name):
return (column_name in self.view)
def __repr__(self):
cdef dict line
cdef str column_name
line = {}
for column_name in self.view.columns :
line[column_name] = self[column_name]
return str(line)
##########################################
cdef class OBIDMS :
@ -81,310 +521,12 @@ cdef class OBIDMS :
cpdef close(self) :
if (obi_close_dms(self.pointer)) < 0 :
raise Exception("Problem closing an OBIDMS")
cpdef dict list(self): # TDODO This is a temporary function that will be rewritten
# Declarations
cdef object p
cdef dict dms = {}
cdef str column_name
cdef bytes column_name_b
cdef str data_type
cdef str creation_date
cdef obiversion_t latest_version
cdef index_t line_count
cdef OBIDMS_column_header_p header
p = Path(self.dms_name+'.obidms')
print("{:<30} {:<12} {:<25} {:<30} {:<40}".format('-Column name-',
'-Data type-',
'-Latest version number-',
'-Line count of latest version-',
'-Creation date of latest version-'))
for entry in p.iterdir():
if entry.suffix == ".obicol":
column_name = entry.stem
column_name_b = str2bytes(column_name)
dms[column_name] = {}
header = obi_column_get_header_from_name(self.pointer, column_name_b, -1)
data_type = bytes2str(name_data_type(header.returned_data_type))
line_count = header.line_count
creation_date = bytes2str(obi_column_format_date(header.creation_date))
obi_unmap_header(header)
latest_version = obi_column_get_latest_version_from_name(self.pointer, column_name_b)
dms[column_name]['data_type'] = data_type
dms[column_name]['latest_version'] = latest_version
dms[column_name]['line_count'] = line_count
dms[column_name]['creation_date'] = creation_date
print("{:<30} {:<12} {:<25} {:<30} {:<40}".format(column_name, data_type, latest_version, line_count, creation_date))
return dms
cpdef OBIDMS_column open_column(self,
str column_name,
bint create=False,
bint clone=False, bint clone_data=True,
bint referring=False,
obiversion_t version_number=-1,
str type='',
index_t nb_lines=0,
index_t nb_elements_per_line=0,
list elements_names=None,
str avl_name="default_AVL_tree",
str comments=""):
# Declarations
cdef OBIDMS_column column
cdef object subclass # TODO object?
cdef bytes column_name_b
cdef OBIDMS_column_header_p header
cdef OBIType_t data_type
header = NULL
# Format the character string to send to C function
column_name_b = str2bytes(column_name)
# Get the header of the latest version of the column if
# some needed informations are not provided
if ((not type or not nb_elements_per_line) and not create) :
header = obi_column_get_header_from_name(self.pointer, column_name_b, version_number)
# Get the data type if not provided
if not type :
if create :
raise Exception("A data type must be specified")
else :
data_type = header.returned_data_type
else :
if type == 'OBI_INT' :
data_type = OBI_INT
elif type == 'OBI_FLOAT' :
data_type = OBI_FLOAT
elif type == 'OBI_BOOL' :
data_type = OBI_BOOL
elif type == 'OBI_CHAR' :
data_type = OBI_CHAR
elif type == 'OBI_STR' :
data_type = OBI_STR
elif type == 'OBI_SEQ' :
data_type = OBI_SEQ
else :
raise Exception("Invalid provided data type")
# Get the number of elements per line if not provided and needed
if not nb_elements_per_line :
if create : # Set to one if not provided (default value)
nb_elements_per_line = 1
else :
nb_elements_per_line = header.returned_nb_elements_per_line
if nb_elements_per_line > 1 :
elements_names = bytes2str(header.elements_names).split(';')
if header != NULL :
obi_unmap_header(header) # TODO check if error? but C will already warn and there's nothing to do
# Open the column with the right subclass depending on the data type, the mode
# (read-only or writable) and whether there are multiple elements per line or not
if data_type == OBI_INT :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_int_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_int_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_int
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_int_multi_elts
elif data_type == OBI_FLOAT :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_float_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_float_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_float
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_float_multi_elts
elif data_type == OBI_BOOL :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_bool_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_bool_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_bool
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_bool_multi_elts
elif data_type == OBI_CHAR :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_char_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_char_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_char
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_char_multi_elts
elif data_type == OBI_STR :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_str_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_str_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_str
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_str_multi_elts
elif data_type == OBI_SEQ :
if (create or clone) :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_seq_writable
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_seq_multi_elts_writable
else :
if nb_elements_per_line == 1 :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_seq
else :
subclass = OBIDMS_column_seq_multi_elts
else :
raise Exception("Problem with the data type")
column = subclass(self, column_name,
create, clone, clone_data,
referring,
version_number, data_type,
nb_lines, nb_elements_per_line,
elements_names, avl_name,
comments)
return column
cdef class OBIDMS_column :
# Should only be initialized through a subclass
def __init__(self,
OBIDMS dms,
str column_name,
bint create,
bint clone, bint clone_data,
bint referring,
obiversion_t version_number,
OBIType_t type,
index_t nb_lines,
index_t nb_elements_per_line,
list elements_names,
str avl_name,
str comments):
# Declarations
cdef bytes column_name_b
cdef bytes dms_name_b
cdef bytes avl_name_b
cdef bytes elements_names_b
cdef bytes comments_b
# Fill structure
self.dms = dms
self.data_type = bytes2str(name_data_type(type))
self.column_name = column_name
self.nb_elements_per_line = nb_elements_per_line
self.elements_names = elements_names
# Format the character strings to send them to C functions
column_name_b = str2bytes(column_name)
dms_name_b = str2bytes(self.dms.dms_name)
avl_name_b = str2bytes(avl_name)
comments_b = str2bytes(comments)
# Create, clone or open column
if create :
if elements_names == None :
elements_names_b = column_name_b
else :
elements_names_b = str2bytes(";".join(elements_names))
self.pointer = obi_create_column(self.dms.pointer, column_name_b, type,
nb_lines, nb_elements_per_line,
elements_names_b, avl_name_b, comments_b,
referring)
else :
if clone :
self.pointer = obi_clone_column(self.dms.pointer, column_name_b, version_number, referring, clone_data)
elif referring :
self.pointer = obi_clone_column(self.dms.pointer, column_name_b, version_number, referring, False)
referred_column_pointer = self.pointer.referred_column
else :
self.pointer = obi_open_column(self.dms.pointer, column_name_b, version_number)
def __len__(self):
return self.pointer.header.lines_used
def __sizeof__(self):
return (self.pointer.header.header_size + self.pointer.header.data_size)
def __iter__(self):
# Declarations
cdef index_t lines_used
cdef index_t line_nb
# Yield each line
lines_used = self.pointer.header.lines_used
for line_nb in range(lines_used):
yield self.get_line(line_nb)
cpdef OBIView open_view(self, str view_name) :
return OBIView(self, view_name)
cpdef OBIView new_view(self, str view_name, object view_to_clone=None, list line_selection=None) :
return OBIView(self, view_name, new=True, view_to_clone=view_to_clone, line_selection=line_selection)
def __setitem__(self, index_t line_nb, object value):
self.set_line(line_nb, value)
def __getitem__(self, index_t line_nb):
return self.get_line(line_nb)
# cpdef object get_item(self, index_t line_nb, str element_name): TODO
# raise NotImplementedError
# cpdef set_item(self, index_t line_nb, str element_name, object value): TODO
# raise NotImplementedError
cpdef grep_line(self, index_t line_nb):
if obi_grep_line(self.pointer, line_nb) < 0 :
raise Exception("Error grepping line")
cpdef list get_elements_names(self):
return self.elements_names
cpdef str get_data_type(self):
return self.data_type
cpdef index_t get_nb_lines_used(self):
return self.pointer.header.lines_used
cpdef str get_creation_date(self):
return bytes2str(obi_column_format_date(self.pointer.header.creation_date))
cpdef str get_comments(self):
return bytes2str(self.pointer.header.comments)
cpdef close(self):
raise NotImplementedError