⬆️ version bump to v4.5

- Update obioptions.Version from "Release 4.4.29" to "/v/ Release v5"
- Update version.txt from 4.29 → .30
(automated by Makefile)
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Eric Coissac
2026-04-07 08:36:50 +02:00
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# Semantic Description of `obikmer` Package
The `obikmer` package provides efficient k-mer encoding and comparison utilities for biological sequences, optimized for DNA analysis.
## Core Functionalities
1. **Nucleotide Encoding**
- `EncodeNucleotide(b byte)`: Maps DNA bases (A, C, G, T/U) to 2-bit values:
`0→A`, `1→C`, `2→G`, `3→T/U`.
Ambiguous or non-standard characters (e.g., N, R, Y) default to `A` (`0`).
Uses a lookup table for O(1) performance.
2. **4-mer Encoding**
- `Encode4mer(seq, buffer)`: Converts a biological sequence into overlapping 4-mers.
Each k-mer is encoded as an unsigned byte (0255), where each nucleotide contributes 2 bits.
Supports optional buffer reuse for memory efficiency.
3. **4-mer Indexing**
- `Index4mer(seq, index, buffer)`: Builds an inverted index mapping each 4-mer code (0255) to all its occurrence positions in the sequence.
Returns `[][]int`, where rows correspond to k-mer codes and columns list positions.
4. **Fast Sequence Comparison**
- `FastShiftFourMer(...)`: Compares two sequences using a FASTA-like shift-scoring algorithm.
- Uses precomputed 4-mer index of a reference sequence and encodes the query.
- Counts co-occurring 4-mers across all possible shifts (`refpos queryPos`).
- Computes raw and relative scores (normalized by alignment length).
- Returns optimal shift, count of matching 4-mers, and maximum score (raw or relative).
## Design Highlights
- **Memory-aware**: Supports buffer reuse to minimize allocations.
- **Robustness**: Non-canonical bases handled gracefully (defaulting to A).
- **Performance-oriented**: O(n) encoding and indexing; efficient hash-based shift counting.
Intended for rapid alignment-free sequence comparison in metabarcoding or metagenomic workflows.